Rewilding Philosophy part V

Philosophy, as it is practiced today, is often abstract, theoretical, and detached from life, just one academic subject among others. In the Greco-Roman world, it was something quite different; it was a way of life. Not merely a subject of study, philosophy was considered an art of living, a practice aimed at relieving suffering and shaping and remaking the self according to an ideal of wisdom. Philosophical reflection, by its very nature, is an open-ended and open-minded investigation that seeks to examine the root of fundamental life issues without taking for granted accepted assumptions, seeking to avoid dogmatic and one-sided thinking - something we urgently need.

The French philosopher and historian of ancient philosophy, Pierre Hadot, is known for his interpretation of philosophy as a way of life, emphasizing the practical and transformative aspects of philosophical practice. According to Hadot, philosophy transcends its traditional academic confines; it becomes a practical and transformative endeavor deeply intertwined with daily existence.

At the core of Hadot’s philosophy is the notion that philosophy is not merely a cerebral exercise but a lived experience. It involves the active engagement of individuals in the pursuit of wisdom, self-awareness, and ethical virtue. This perspective emphasizes that philosophy should extend beyond abstract theorizing and profoundly impact one’s actions, choices, and character.

“Philosophy is not a theory but a way of life, a living experience, a lived wisdom.” Pierre Hadot

Crucial to Hadot’s philosophy is the concept of “spiritual exercises” or philosophical practices. These exercises are tools for self-improvement and self-discovery. They encompass a range of activities, including meditation, self-reflection, journaling, and the study of philosophical texts. Engaging regularly in these exercises allows individuals to deepen their understanding of themselves and the world around them. Another important exercise for Hadot is philosophical dialogue and discussion. These interactions are essential for clarifying one’s thoughts and refining one’s comprehension of philosophical concepts. Engaging in conversations with philosophical mentors or peers becomes a vital aspect of philosophical practice.

Hadot’s philosophy places great emphasis on the transformation of the self. Practicing philosophy, he asserts, should lead to a profound personal metamorphosis. It involves a rigorous process of self-examination, ethical growth, and the cultivation of virtues such as wisdom, courage, and temperance. Through these efforts, individuals become more ethical, self-aware, and aligned with their true nature.

The idea of eudaimonia is central to practical philosophy. This ancient Greek term translates to “flourishing” or “living in accordance with one’s true nature.” Hadot contends that practicing philosophy is a pathway to achieving eudaimonia, where individuals lead fulfilling and meaningful lives by aligning their actions with philosophical wisdom (aka having a philosophy).

Practicing philosophy then invites us to view philosophy as a transformative way of life—a practical journey toward wisdom, virtue, and self-improvement. It encourages us to engage in daily exercises to foster personal and moral growth. In embracing practical philosophy, we find a means of leading a more meaningful and flourishing existence.

“To philosophize is to learn to take care of and to perfect one’s soul.” Pierre Hadot

To me, this practice mirrors the disciplined routine of an athlete—a dedication that demands discipline, determination, and a strong work ethic. As German philosopher Peter Sloterdijk suggests, we are practicing animals, and philosophy becomes our multisport, our exercise of existence. And as philosophers, we are athletes of life.

Practicing philosophy does not promise immediate change; it offers gradual transformation. It is a daily endeavor that brings us closer to becoming the individuals we aspire to be. Daily life serves as our training ground. Our thoughts and actions are the exercises that shape us. This is especially challenging in times when we are used to getting what we want without delay and without leaving our cozy comforts.